The Waterfront Culture Center on Paper Island in Copenhagen is a landmark project designed by Kengo Kuma & Associates, set to open in 2026. Located at the northwestern edge of Christiansholm, better known as Paper Island, the building sits directly on the city’s harbor, forming part of a larger urban plan to turn the island into a public destination for culture, leisure, and wellness.
With a total footprint of around 5,000–5,700 square meters, this new cultural hub brings together indoor pools, outdoor thermal baths, wellness areas, event spaces, and public waterfront access, creating a seamless connection between Copenhagen’s urban life and maritime heritage.
The lead architect behind the project is Kengo Kuma & Associates, with Yuki Ikeguchi leading the team. The executive architect is Denmark-based Vilhelm Lauritzen Architects. The project brings together a strong team of collaborators, including Søren Jensen Consulting Engineers, KI Consulting Engineers (for the steel superstructure), MT Højgaard, COWI A/S, light designer Jesper Kongshaug, and Cornelius Vöge Atelier. The client is Ejendomsfonden Vandkulturhuset Papirøen, supported by Copenhagen Municipality and Nordea-fonden.
Architecturally, the Waterfront Culture Center is defined by its distinctive roofline made up of cone- or pyramid-shaped volumes clad in warm-toned Danish brick. These forms reference the traditional pitched rooftops of Copenhagen’s old town while creating a modern shape that opens to all sides of the city and harbor.
The design avoids having a “front” or “back” facade; instead, the building acts as a porous, walkable piece of civic terrain. It embraces the public from every angle, offering views and access from the water, the quay, and the streets around it.
The structure is built around a series of light-filled interior pools sheltered beneath the cone roofs, while outdoor thermal baths are placed in the valleys between these sloped forms. A key spatial element is an inverted central cone that houses an open stairwell, acting as a sculptural and structural anchor.
The result is a dynamic interplay between solid and void, light and shadow, warm materials and cool surfaces. The brick façades alternate between solid and perforated textures, allowing natural light to filter through by day and creating a gentle glow across the harbor at night.
From a programmatic perspective, the building offers multiple zones, skylit indoor swimming pools, an elevated outdoor heated pool with harbor views, harbor-side bathing zones for all ages, wellness and sauna facilities, and spaces for community meetings and fitness.
The center also includes a tower that provides vertical circulation and houses training rooms and shared facilities. The design encourages public movement across and through the site, with terraced connections from the pools down to the water’s edge.
The Waterfront Culture Center on Paper Island is an architectural statement about how cities can engage with their natural edges. It’s designed to foster sensory experiences through steam, light, water, texture, and rhythm, all embedded in a tactile brick envelope that feels deeply rooted in Danish building tradition. It’s a new public ritual space at the edge of Copenhagen, redefining how architecture can support cultural life by the sea.
Waterfront Culture Center Project Details
Project Name: Waterfront Culture Center
Architecture: Kengo Kuma & Associates
Location: Paper Island (Christiansholm), Copenhagen, Denmark
Scheduled Opening: 2026
Site Area: Approx. 5,000–5,700 sq. meters
Architectural Firm: Kengo Kuma & Associates
Lead Architect: Yuki Ikeguchi (Kengo Kuma & Associates)
Image credit: Francisco Tirado
